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谁是任正非？

华为——全球两大电信设备商之一——的创始人和总裁、中国最神秘的企业家、共产党员、几乎从不接受采访的转业军人，以及美国国家安全局的监听对象。

把以上这些头衔集合起来，不难理解这位中国人为何一直是中外媒体追逐的焦点。5月2日，任正非在伦敦亮相，召开新闻发布会，几乎所有的英国主流媒体都花费篇幅详尽报道了这次罕见的公开露面：

《华为创始人任正非拒绝“贪婪”股市》——每日电讯报
Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei rejects 'greedy' public markets

《华为创始人任正非否认上市的可能性》——金融时报
Huawei’s founder rejects possibility of stock market listing

《华为CEO说对美国的间谍行为的报道并不惊奇》——路透
Huawei CEO says not surprised by U.S. spying reports

《华为领头人任正非说股东的“贪婪”会阻碍华为》——泰晤士报
Shareholder ‘greed’ deters Huawei chief Ren Zhengfei



而彼岸的美国媒体同样也少不了关注，不过他们的标题和侧重点有些不同：

《难以获得美国政府的信任 华为谋划发展其他市场》——彭博社
Huawei Plots Future Elsewhere as U.S. Trust Stays Elusive

《华为创始人：公司的目标是被看做“欧洲公司”》——华尔街日报
Huawei Founder: Company Aims to Be Viewed as 'European'

任正非说了些什么？似乎是信息量巨大，对华为和他本人面面俱到；又似乎是了无新意，重复着公司此前已经申明过的一切。但英文媒体借此机会，又可以把一段段关于华为和任正非的描述放上来了。在这些段落里，任正非本人和华为始终难解难分。

彭博社：

69岁的任在1983年从部队退伍，1987年创办了华为。自那之后，在从没有进入美国市场的背景下，他成功地将公司打造成仅次于爱立信的通信网络设备制造商。

Ren, 69, set up Huawei in 1987 after retiring from the Chinese military in 1983. Since then, he has built the company into the world’s largest maker of equipment for phone networks behind Ericsson AB (ERICB), even without access to the U.S.

华尔街日报：

任先生是人民解放军前军官，但是“员工所有”的华为否认与中国政府或军方有任何联系。

Mr. Ren is a former officer of the People's Liberation Army, but the employee-owned company denies direct links to the Chinese government or military.

去年，华为控制了欧洲、中东和非洲22%的移动网络建设市场，远远高于2010年的12%……与之对比，在北美，华为2013年仅仅有2.8%的市场份额。

Huawei grabbed nearly 22% of mobile-network infrastructure spending in Europe, the Middle East and Africa last year, up from just 12% in 2010...By contrast, in North America, Huawei had only a 2.8% share of that market in 2013.

金融时报：

任先生1983年前在中国军队中的角色导致了外界对于中国政府参与华为的长期猜测。华为从1987年最初的2.1万元投资起步，快速发展为年收入约400亿美元的跨国公司。

Mr Ren’s role in the Chinese military until 1983 has caused longstanding suspicion about the involvement of the Chinese state in Huawei, which has grown rapidly from an initial investment of Rmb21,000 in 1987, to a multinational corporation that generates about $40bn in annual revenue.

前面提到的华为归“员工所有”，股权结构也一直是外界对华为的讨论热点：

彭博社：

 这家公司是由84000名员工集体拥有的，任正非说这种去中心化的股权结构是公司利润超过他们自己预期的原因之一。

The company jointly held by over 84,000 of its employees...Ren said that this decentralized ownership structure is one of the key reasons Huawei’s profitability has surpassed its own expectations.

华尔街日报： 

华为有一个独特的私有结构，他是由包括任正非在内的中国员工控股的。任正非大概拥有1.4%的股权，但是他对于重大事项有否定权。不过任正非表示，目前自己还从未行使过这一权利。

Huawei has an unusual private structure in which it is owned by its Chinese employees, including Mr. Ren. He holds roughly a 1.4% stake, but has veto power over important decisions, a right he says he has had no reason to exercise yet.

在这次伦敦发布会上，任正非再次表示华为不会上市，并强调华为的成功就在于员工是公司的主人，它不是任正非的，也不属于中国政府，各媒体对此也纷纷引用：

金融时报： 

“事实上，（公开市场的）股票卖家很贪婪，希望尽快榨取公司的每一分价值……而现在拥有公司的人并不贪婪。”

“In reality, [public] shareholders are greedy and want to squeeze every bit out of a company as soon as possible...People who own this company are not greedy.”

彭博社： 

“因为华为的员工也是公司主人，他们会用长远视角看待公司，而不是尽快兑现，”任说，“这才让公司取得今天这样的地位。”

“Because Huawei employees are also the owners of this company, they take a longer-term view instead of just cashing out as soon as possible,” Ren said. “It’s taken the company to the position it enjoys today.”

当然了，除了华为股权结构，还有一个话题是所有媒体都不会错过的，那就是美国国家安全局（NSA）对华为和任正非本人的监听：

路透社： 

前国家安全局承包商雇员斯诺登披露的文件显示，这个机构潜入了华为的深圳总部的服务器中以获取敏感数据，并且监控高管间的通话。

That documents leaked by former NSA contractor Edward Snowden said the U.S. agency accessed servers at the company's Shenzhen headquarters to obtain sensitive data and monitor executives' communications.

金融时报： 

……尽管美国和澳大利亚都有忧虑，担心华为与中国政府的联系。但是这一争议在最近几个月翻转了过来，斯诺登的文件表明，美国的国家安全局自己便曾经侵入华为的公司服务器。

...in spite of the concerns raised in the US and Australia about connections to the Chinese state. The debate has been reversed in recent months after documents from Edward Snowden suggested that the US National Security Agency had itself been hacking into Huawei’s corporate servers.

任正非本人对此的回应是什么呢，挺淡定的：



华尔街日报： 

他说如果美国的国家安全局或者其他机构，曾经监听他的电话，或者读他的邮件，倒也还好。因为他并没有在处理公司的日常事务，反而更加关注战略，而这方面没有什么可隐藏的。

He said it was O.K. if the U.S. National Security Agency, or others, were listening to his phone calls or reading his email because he wasn’t dealing with day-to-day issues at the company. Instead, he was more focused on strategy, and that there was nothing to hide there.

金融时报： 

“美国的监听行为在我们预料之中。”他说，“我相信我本人没有秘密，而华为的做法（一直）都是公开的。”

“The monitoring behaviour by the United States is within expectations,” he said. “I believe that there is no secret around myself. Huawei’s approach has [always] been open.”

任正非把他愿意说的话都搁在这里了，美国、澳大利亚和欧洲是不是依然会不为所动呢？■

原文参考：
- Huawei Plots Future Elsewhere as U.S. Trust Stays Elusive（原载于彭博网站，作者：Edmond Lococo，Sam Chambers）
- Huawei Founder: Company Aims to Be Viewed as 'European'（原载于华尔街日报网站，作者：Sam Schechner）
- Huawei’s Elusive Ren Zhengfei Steps Out in London（原载于华尔街日报网站，作者：Amir Mizroch，Sam Schechner）
- Huawei’s founder rejects possibility of stock market listing（原载于金融时报网站，作者：Daniel Thomas）
- Huawei founder Ren Zhengfei rejects 'greedy' public markets（原载于每日电讯网站，作者：Christopher Williams）

- Huawei CEO says not surprised by U.S. spying reports（原载于路透网站，作者：Paul Sandle，Jane Brrett）